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May, 2014
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Mental Illness
Galton was the first to study individual differences and the elaboration of the mental tests. In regard to the methods used: German school, Wundt, studying the mind of objective and scientific manner. He introduced the measurement and experiment in this discipline, which until then had been a branch of philosophy; the French school, internal and external, observing mainly the clinical and hypnotic method; the American school chooses the method and experimental research, coinciding at this point with the German school; the British school, introduces the techniques Statistics applied to psychology; and finally, the Russian school, use the method of the conditioned reflexes. In short, we can observe an objective common to all schools which is the give the psychology of a scientific and experimental approach, promoting it as an independent science. HISTORY OF MENTAL ILLNESS. CONCEPT and treatment the origin of mental illness has to do with a common practice in the ancient, consisting of mark Greece slaves in a visible place to make them recognizable as inferior individuals. Classical antiquity gave an explanation of mental disorders from disorders caused by humoral imbalances in the brain.
These paintings were associated with demonic possession, so it was essential to stay away from such people. The middle ages saw the sick mental as sinners, worshippers of the demon who had to ‘pay’ with his ‘weakness’ suffering and lack of faith, persisting this type of explanation until the end of the 16th century. In the 17TH and 18th centuries the mental or emotional disorders are considered as a voluntary departure of reason which should be corrected by the internment and severe disciplinary measures. In these centuries the mentally ill are locked up and away from community life. The purpose of their isolation was not her treatment but to protect society from those who contravened social norms. The criterion of animality brand madness in the eighteenth century.